Biomecánica de la córnea

  1. RM Torres
  2. J Merayo-Lloves
  3. MA Jaramillo
  4. V Galvis
Revista:
Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmologia

ISSN: 0365-6691

Año de publicación: 2005

Volumen: 80

Número: 4

Páginas: 215-223

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4321/S0365-66912005000400004 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmologia

Resumen

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sobre la biomecánica de la córnea desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad, con el objetivo de analizar, esclarecer y comprender su relevancia en la cirugía refractiva. Material y método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre el tema usando diversas fuentes. Resultados: El concepto de la biomecánica de la córnea no es reciente y está implícito en diversos actos quirúrgicos. Su origen se relaciona con los estudios de tonometría, aunque su existencia adquiere mayor popularidad cuando se relaciona con el queratocono, donde se reconoce que una estructura alterada se deforma ante una fuerza que no puede tolerar. Se definen los factores que rigen la estabilidad de la estructura de la cornea. Posteriormente se vincula a la cirugía refractiva para estudiar las ectasias post-quirúrgicas y mejorar los patrones de ablación que interpretan a la córnea como una estructura inerte y carente de respuesta. Se reconoce que el factor biomecánico debe ser incluido como una variable más en los nuevos sistemas de ablación, lo cual incentiva su estudio y con los avances de la investigación (modelos físico-matemáticos, cicatrización corneal) se comienza a caracterizar su respuesta. Conclusiones: La biomecánica de la córnea toma auge al vincularse a la cirugía refractiva, aunque su concepto existía previamente. Su relevancia actual esta ligada al perfeccionamiento de los sistemas de ablación y su mayor conocimiento permitirá obtener resultados cada vez más precisos y estables en el tiempo.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet