Esfuerzo percibido diferenciado en árbitros y asistentes de fútbol de tercera división durante partidos oficiales

  1. Eñaut Ozaeta Beaskoetxea 1
  2. Daniel Castillo Alvira 2
  3. Jesús Cámara Tobalina 1
  4. Javier Yanci Irigoyen 1
  1. 1 Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, España
  2. 2 Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, España
Revista:
Revista Española de Educación Física y Deportes: REEFD

ISSN: 1133-6366

Ano de publicación: 2018

Número: 422

Páxinas: 35-50

Tipo: Artigo

Outras publicacións en: Revista Española de Educación Física y Deportes: REEFD

Resumo

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el esfuerzo percibido diferenciado (dRPE) y la carga percibida diferenciada (dRPE CP) en árbitros de fútbol durante partidos oficiales. Método: Noventa árbitros clasificados en tres grupos atendiendo a su rol/categoría: árbitros de campo de tercera división (AC3, n = 31), árbitros asistentes de tercera división (AA3, n = 26) y árbitros de división preferente que ejercen de forma puntual de asistentes en partidos de tercera división (AApref, n = 33). Los participantes declararon el dRPE (RPEres = esfuerzo percibido respiratorio y RPEmus = esfuerzo percibido muscular) mediante la escala 0-10 de Foster al final de la primera parte, segunda parte y el total al final del encuentro. El dRPE CP (RPEres CP y RPEmus CP) fue calculado multiplicando el valor de dRPE por la duración (min) del partido. Resultados: Todos los grupos declararon un mayor dRPEy dRPE CP en la segunda parte respecto a la primera (p < 0,01). Sin embargo, los valores de RPEres y de RPEmus de la segunda parte no fueron significativamente diferentes (p > 0,05) a los valores declarados del total del partido. Por otro lado, todos los grupos declararon un mayor RPEmus que RPEres (p < 0,01 o p < 0,05). Conclusión: Parece ser que el arbitraje en el futbol tiene una alta implicación muscular por lo que los entrenadores y preparadores físicos de árbitros deberían diseñar entrenamientos específicos para mejorar su capacidad neuromuscular.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aoba, y., yoshimura, M., Miyamori, T., & Suzuki, S. (2011). Assessment of soccer referee performance during games. Football Science, 8, 8–15.
  • Ardigò, L. P., Padulo, J., Zuliani, A., & Capelli, C. (2015). A low-cost method for estimating energy expenditure during soccer refereeing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(17), 1853–1858. https://doi.or g/10.1080/02640414.2015.1015150
  • Barbero-Álvarez, J. C., Boullosa, D., Nakamura, F. y., Andrín, G., & Castagna, C. (2012). Physical and physiological demands of field and assistant soccer referees during Americaʼs Cup. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(5), 1383–1388. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC. 0b013e31825183c5
  • Barbero-Álvarez, J. C., Boullosa, D., Nakamura, F. y., Andrín, G., & Weston, M. (2014). Repeated acceleration ability (RAA): A new concept with reference to top-level field and assistant soccer referees. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(1), 63–66. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001659
  • Castagna, C., & Abt, G. (2003). Intermatch variation of match activity in elite Italian soccer referees. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(2), 388–392. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-428 7(2003)017<0388:IVOMAI>2.0.CO;2
  • Castagna, C., Abt, G., & D’Ottavio, S. (2007). Physiological aspects of soccer refereeing performance and training. Sports Medicine, 37(7), 625–646.
  • Castagna, C., Bizzini, M., Povoas, S. C., & D’Ottavio, S. (2017). Timing effect on training session rating of perceived exertion in top-class soccer referees. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(9), 1157–1162. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0626
  • Castillo, D., Camara, J., Castellano, J., & Yanci, J. (2016). Match officials do not attain maximal sprinting speed during matches. Kinesiology, 48, 1–6.
  • Castillo, D., Cámara, J., Sedano, S., & Yanci, J. (2017a). Impact of official matches on soccer referees’ horizontal-jump performance. Science and Medicine in Football, 1(2), 145–150. https://doi.org/10 .1080/24733938.2017.1330549
  • Castillo, D., Camara, J., y Yanci, J. (2016a). Análisis de las respuestas físicas y fisiológicas de árbitros y asistentes de fútbol durante partidos oficiales. RICYDE: Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 45(12), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde
  • Castillo, D., Camara, J., y Yanci, J. (2018a). Influencia del criterio de determinación de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima sobre la cuantificación de la carga interna en el arbitraje. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, In press.
  • Castillo, D., Cámara, J., & Yanci, J. (2018b). Impact of official matches on soccer referees’ power performance. Journal of Human Kinetics, 61, 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017. 1330549
  • Castillo, D., Weston, M., McLaren, S. J., Cámara, J., & yanci, J. (2017b). Relationships between internal and external match load indicators in soccer match officials. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(7), 922–927. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0392
  • Castillo, D., Yanci, J., Cámara, J., & Weston, M. (2016b). The influence of soccer match play on physiological and physical performance measures in soccer referees and assistant referees. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(6), 557–563. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1101646
  • Castillo, D., Yanci, J., Casajús, J. A., & Cámara, J. (2016). Physical fitness and physiological characteristics of soccer referees. Science and Sports, 31(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2015.11.003
  • Catterall, C., Reilly, T., Atkinson, G., & Coldwells, A. (1993). Analysis of the work rates and heart rates of association football referees. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(3), 193–196. https://doi. org/10.1136/bjsm.27.3.193
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (N. L. E. Associates Ed.). Hillsdale. https://doi.org/10.1234/12345678
  • Costa, E. C., Vieira, C. M. A., Moreira, A., Ugrinowitsch, C., Castagna, C., & Aoki, M. S. (2013). Monitoring external and internal loads of Brazilian soccer referees during official matches. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12(3), 559–564.
  • D’Ottavio, S., & Castagna, C. (2001a). Analysis of match activities in elite soccer referees during actual match play. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(2), 167–171. https://doi.org/10.15 19/1533-4287(2001)015<0167:AOMAIE>2.0.CO;2
  • D’Ottavio, S., & Castagna, C. (2001b). Physiological load imposed on elite soccer referees during actual match play. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 41(1), 27–32. https://doi.org/10. 1519/1533-4287(2001)015<0167:AOMAIE>2.0.CO;2
  • Di Salvo, V., Carmont, M. R., & Maffulli, N. (2011). Football officials activities during matches: a comparison of activity of referees and linesmen in European, Premiership and Championship matches. Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal, 1(3), 106–11.
  • Edwards S. (1993). The Heart Rate Monitor Book. New york: Polar Electro Oy. Foster, C., Florhaug, J. A., Franklin, J., Gottschall, L., Hrovatin, L. A., Parker, S., … Dodge, C. (2001).
  • A new approach to monitoring exercise training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(1), 109-115 https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200102000-00019
  • Helsen, W., & Bultynck, J. B. (2004). Physical and perceptual-cognitive demands of top-class refereeing in association football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(2), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/02 640410310001641502
  • Ishihara, Y., Naito, H., Ozaki, H., & Yoshimura, M. (2015). Aerobic fitness relation to match performance of japanese soccer referees. Football Science, 12, 91–97.
  • Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2001). Physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing in relation to physical capacity: Effect of intense intermittent exercise training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19, 881–891.
  • Krustrup, P., Helsen, W., Randers, M. B., Christensen, J. F., Macdonald, C., Rebelo, A. N., & Bangsbo, J. (2009). Activity profile and physical demands of football referees and assistant referees in international games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(11), 1167–1176. https://doi. org/10.1080/02640410903220310
  • Los Arcos, A., Martínez-Santos, R., yanci, J., & Mendez-Villaunueva, A. (2017). Monitoring perceived respiratory and muscular exertions and physical fitness in young professional soccer players during a 32-week period. Kinesiology, 49(2), 1–8.
  • Mallo, J., Navarro, E., Garcia Aranda, J. M., & Helsen, W. (2009a). Activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to fitness-test performance and match standard. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802298227
  • Mallo, J., Navarro, E., Garcia Aranda, J. M., & Helsen, W. (2009b). Physical demands of top-class soccer assistant refereeing during high-standard matches. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(5), 331–336.
  • Reilly, T., & Gregson, W. (2006). Special populations: The referee and assistant referee. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(7), 795–801. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500483089
  • Weston, M., Bird, S., Helsen, W., Nevill, A., & Castagna, C. (2006). The effect of match standard and referee experience upon the objective and subjective match workload of English Premier League referees. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 9, 256–262.
  • Weston, M., & Brewer, J. (2002). A study of the physiological demands of soccer refereeing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20, 59–60.
  • Weston, M., Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F. M., Bizzini, M., Williams, A. M., & Gregson, W. (2012). Science and medicine applied to soccer refereeing an update. Sports Medicine, 42(7), 615–631. https://doi.org/012-1642/12/0007-0615
  • Weston, M., Castagna, C., Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., & Breivik, S. (2010). Ageing and physical match performance in English Premier League soccer referees. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(1), 96–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2008.07.009
  • Weston, M., Gregson, W., Castagna, C., Breivik, S., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Lovell, R. J. (2011). Changes in a top-level soccer referee’s training, match activities, and physiology over an 8-year period: A case study. International Journal of Sport Psychology and Performance, 6(2), 281–286.
  • yanci, J., Cámara, J., & Castillo, D. (2016). Análisis de la fatiga neuromuscular en árbitros y asistentes de fútbol durante partidos oficiales. Revista Internacional de Deportes Colectivos, (27), 38–45.