Estudio psicométrico-clínico de prevalencia y comorbilidad del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad en Castilla y León (España)
- Luis Rodríguez Molinero
- José Antonio López Villalobos
- Mercedes Garrido Redondo
- Ana María Sacristán Martín
- María Teresa Martínez Rivera
ISSN: 1139-7632
Year of publication: 2009
Volume: 11
Issue: 42
Pages: 251-270
Type: Article
More publications in: Revista Pediatría de Atención Primaria
Abstract
Objective: to determine the prevalence rate of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school age children (6-16 years) in Castilla y León. Subjects and methods: a multi-staged stratified proportional cluster (rural and urban) people sample population study was selected. Target population: 212,657. Sample: 1,095. A psychometric first step (ADHD rating Scales IV for parents and teachers) was used to collect data, and a second one, using DSM-IV criteria, for clinical confirmation. Child Symptom Inventory was used to study comorbidity, and DSM-IV for clinical confirmation. Results: a prevalence of 6.66 % global rate was obtained (IC 95 %: 5.1-8.1%). We also obtained hyperactive subtype 1%; disattentional subtype 1.27 % and combined subtype 4.38%. Prevalence rate in males (8.97%) is significantly higher than in females (4.18%), while for academic levels, schools or areas, differences are not significant. Prevalence rates in Primary School (6.8%) is similar to Secondary School (6.48%). Seventy one percent of the cases of ADHD have some type of comorbidity: anxiety disorders 46%, behavioural disorders 31%, mood disorders 9%, tics disorders 10%, and enuresis 12%. ADHD cases have significantly worse academic results and worse classroom behaviour. Conclusions: prevalence rates of ADHD in Castilla y León are very close to the world average. The cases have high comorbidity and present impairment in academic performance and scholar behaviour.