Variantes y anomalías anatómicas en la cirugía endocrinológica cervical

Résumé

In thyroid and parathyroid surgery, it is crucial to know the variability of the neck�s anatomical structures and above all, the elements of the neck�s anterior compartment. The authors have studied in a prospective manner 315 patients, who underwent thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy from 01.01.12 to 12.31.12. In this work, they mainly treated variations of the recurrent nerve, with special emphasis on the so-called recurrent nonrecurring (1/315), but also report the changes in its forms and dimensions. They show several examples of the vascular anomalies, especially the possibility of finding the so-called innominate artery, a cervical arterial brachiocephalic trunk (1/315). Special emphasis is placed on Zuckerlandl�s tubercle, not because it�s uncommon but because of its transcendence as a pointer of the appellants and the upper parathyroid. They describe the variants� shape, number and location on the parathyroid glands. The objective of this work is to expose the fundamental anatomical variants that can be presented during surgery of these glands, variants that pose a risk to increase the possibility of complications.