Producción de látex en el tablero alto de árboles de hule (Hevea brasiliensis) estimulado con ácido-2-cloroetil-fosfónico

  1. Rodolfo Barragán-Hernández
  2. Marivel Domínguez-Domínguez
  3. Gustavo Ramírez-Valverde
  4. Carlos F. Ortiz-García
  5. Pablo Martínez-Zurimendi
Journal:
Agrociencia

ISSN: 1405-3195,  2521-9766

Year of publication: 2017

Volume: 51

Issue: 2

Pages: 229-243

Type: Article

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Abstract

In rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Müell. Arg.) plantations the stem of the tree is divided for its use in symmetric longitudinal sections, known as “tapping panel”. The lower panel begins at 1.0 m above ground level, in descending form and the high panel at 1.5 m above the ground, in ascending form. In Mexico the plantations are exploited for 25 years, but 30 % of them can be exploited for a longer period of time, by utilizing the high panel. For these plantations the cut of the ascending laticiferous vesicles (tap) is made in the high panel to lengthen the productive cycle of the tree. The objective of our study was to know the rubber production of the high panel in plantations of productive age, stimulating with ethrel at 5 %, in three tapping frequencies, one, two or three per week. The hypothesis was that by applying upward taps in the high panel with ethrel stimulation, the useful life of the plantations can be extended given that there is good production. The treatments were upward taps in quarter spiral every six days, one tap per week (¼ S ↑ d6 6d/7), every three, two taps per week, (¼ S ↑ d3 6d/7) and every two, three taps per week (¼ S ↑ d2 6d/7), stimulated with ethrel, plus the same frequencies without stimulation as controls. The experimental design consisted of plots divided with a modification in the number of replications of the control, utilizing the available material, and randomly assigning the treatments in each one of the plots. The data were analyzed as a mixed linear model. The highest yields (52 % higher, with respect to the same frequency without stimulation) were obtained in plantations of 28 years of age in a tapping frequency of twice a week stimulated with ethrel, followed by a tapping frequency of three times a week (32 % higher, with respect to the same frequency of the control). In plantations of 20 years the tapping frequencies of two and three times per week, stimulated with ethrel, did not present significant differences with respect to the same frequencies without stimulation.

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