Eficiencia térmica en desempañado en vehículos convencionales (ICE) y eléctricos (VE) – métodos de evaluación

Abstract

The objective of this study is the development and fine-tuning of a procedure formeasuring the temperature in the car windshield area, with respect to the Europeandemisting standard (CEE 78/317): using a high-speed infrared thermography (IR).IR thermography demonstrates the relevance of using this medium as an analysisand validation tool in the approval of the defrosting/demisting performance ofvehicles for the EU (according to current EEC 87/318 Regulation). We check that theentire windshield of the car is at -2ºC temperature, we start the engine, close all theaerators except for the demisting of the windshield, close all the doors and gate,we start the test t = 0 at the right moment to start the engine. Test carried out on 3 vehicles: one equipped with a conventional heat engine (MCIA), an EV equipped withresistance, and an EV equipped with a heat pump.Finally it is concluded that the electric vehicles tested are more efficient in thedemisting task than the thermal vehicle. Of the 2 electric vehicles tested, the EVequipped with a heat pump is more efficient than the EV equipped with a PTC resistor.The range (or Battery autonomy) lost in this test is of the order of 25% for the VE withPTC resistance and 20% for the VE with heat pump, this, taking general measurementof the starting temperature of the test: the average temperature is -2ºC: according tothe European Regulation CEE78/317, which requires between -1ºC and -3ºC, takinginto account the little autonomy that these cars already enjoy, making this point agreat burden on the customer satisfaction.