Estudio de prevalencia del aneurisma de aorta abdominal en una consulta de atención primaria

Résumé

Objectives. The silent growth of the anteroposterior diameter of the abdominal aorta increases the risk of thrombosis and/or rupture catastrophically from 30 mm. The control of certain risk factors, such as hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, could decrease this risk. Method. Randomized cross-sectional descriptive study in 266 patients who come to the consultation for different causes and the presence of dyslipidemia, hypertension, history, smoking, diabetes, heart disease and/or arteriopathy with anteroposterior ultrasound examination of the abdominal aorta is assessed. Linear estimation of the growth of this diameter to know risk ages and prevalence depending on risk factors. Results. With a mean age of 58 years for both sexes and a mean anteroposterior diameter of 1.7 cm (95 % CI 1.6-1.7) and in men of 1.8 cm (95 % CI 1.7-1.9), only one patient had to be referred and operated on for a chance finding of aortic aneurysm greater than 5 cm. Almost 32 % of patients with risk factors had diameters greater than 2 cm and in those with smoking, the age of risk was close to 55 years. Conclusions. We must include in the abdominal examination the anteroposterior infrarenal diameter and assessing the presence of risk factors such as smoking, to be male, hypertension, diabetes, arteriopathy with monitoring of the diameter and presence of thrombi from approximately 55 years, reaching 34 mm the lintels for specialized assessment. It is essential to control these above-mentioned risk factors such in the field of Primary Care.