Suicide in the context of elite sportA meta-ethnographic synthesis

  1. Camilo, Juliana 1
  2. Almeida, Jorge Correia Santana 2
  3. Carolina Hamodi Galán 3
  1. 1 Universidade Federal da Bahia
    info

    Universidade Federal da Bahia

    Salvador, Brasil

    ROR https://ror.org/03k3p7647

  2. 2 Universidade do Estado da Bahia
    info

    Universidade do Estado da Bahia

    Salvador, Brasil

    ROR https://ror.org/015n1m812

  3. 3 Universidad de Valladolid
    info

    Universidad de Valladolid

    Valladolid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01fvbaw18

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Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2024

Número: 54

Páginas: 633-641

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

El suicidio o sus intentos son un grave problema que han atraído la atención de distintas áreas del conocimiento vinculados al ámbito deportivo. Pero en la mayoría de las ocasiones los análisis son desde visiones psicopatológicas o en función de traumas físicos, sin comprender las particularidades de la salud mental. El artículo presenta una meta-etnografía donde se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura sobre investigaciones cualitativas del suicidio en deportistas desde 2012 hasta el 2022. Se obtuvieron ocho artículos que abordaban el tema desde diferentes deportes y niveles. Los temas que se abordan en los trabajos son diversos: la importancia de las relaciones saludables, la visibilidad de los problemas de salud mental, la normalización de la violencia por parte de entrenadores y la falta de apoyo emocional. Es fundamental que los/as deportistas cuenten con una red de apoyo (dentro de la cual se encuentren entrenadores/as, profesionales de la salud mental, etc.). Las cuestiones que han afectado a los/as deportistas identificados con ideación suicida incluyen la combinación prolongada de síntomas de conmoción cerebral, problemas académicos, prácticas violentas de entrenamiento normalizadas, elevadas exigencias, invisibilización del sufrimiento y la exposición a eventos traumáticos. Se requiere capacitación de profesores/entrenadores en salud mental, apoyo social durante la recuperación de lesiones, formación continua en salud mental, relaciones cercanas entre entrenadores/as y deportistas, implicación de especialistas en psiquiatría/psicología deportiva, apoyo del entorno y equilibrio entre rendimiento y desarrollo personal.

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