Función ejecutiva, lenguaje pragmático y perfiles psicopatológicos según la CBCL en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo y antecedentes familiares de esquizofrenia

  1. M.A. Parrilla Escobar 1
  2. S. Cerezo Corredera 1
  3. B. García Díez 1
  4. C. de Andrés Lobo 1
  5. C. de Cáceres Riol 1
  6. M.A. Maniega Rubio 1
  7. V. Molina Rodríguez 1
  1. 1 ervicio de Psiquiatría. Sección de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil. Hospital Clínico Universitario deValladolid, España.
Revista:
Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil

ISSN: 2660-7271,  1130-9512

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 37

Número: 1

Páginas: 5-16

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.31766/REVPSIJ.V37N1A2 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil

Resumen

La escala CBCL de Achenbach completada por padres evalúa un amplio rango de problemas conductuales y emocionales de inicio en la infancia. Sus subescalas “retraimiento-depresión” y principalmente “problemas de pensamiento” se han propuesto como medida de detección de riesgo de psicosis en adolescentes. Dentro de los posibles endofenotipos de la esquizofrenia se plantean la disfunción ejecutiva y la alteración en el lenguaje pragmático. Objetivos: Identificar mediante ambas subescalas de la CBCL un subgrupo de niños y adolescentes con puntuaciones elevadas entre los pacientes que consultan en psiquiatría infantil por trastornos del neurodesarrollo y que tienen antecedentes familiares de esquizofrenia. Material y métodos: Los padres completan la escala CBCL de Achenbach, CCC-Childrens Communication Checklist- (evaluación del lenguaje pragmático) y BRIEF-2 (evaluación conductual de la función ejecutiva). Resultados: Se incluyeron 21 niños (16 niños: 5 niñas). Edad media 11,4 años. Los diagnósticos principales fueron TDAH (66,7%), trastorno de aprendizaje (9,5%) y TEA (9,5%). Las dos subescalas de la CBCL “retraimiento-depresión” y “problemas de pensamiento” discriminan dos grupos, uno con afectación (n=11) con puntuaciones por encima del Pc70 y otro sin afectación (n=10) con puntuaciones inferiores al Pc70. Los casos con afectación mostraron más dificultades en el lenguaje pragmático y función ejecutiva que los del grupo sin afectación. Conclusiones: Realizar una evaluación dimensional más completa de la psicopatología, como la que ofrece la CBCL, en niños con trastornos del neurodesarrollo y antecedentes familiares de esquizofrenia puede ayudar a describir mejor las dificultades premórbidas e identificar casos susceptibles de seguimiento longitudinal e intervención precoz.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Meyer-Lindenberg A. Studying Developmental Psychopathology Related to Psychotic Disorders - Challenges and Paradigms in Human Studies. Schizophr Bull. 2017;43(6):1169–1171. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx129
  • Carpenter WT, Strauss JS. Developmental Interactive Framework for Psychotic Disorders. Schizophr Bull. 2017;43(6):1143–1144. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx123
  • Murray RM, Bhavsar V, Tripoli G, Howes O. 30 Years on: How the Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Morphed into the Developmental Risk Factor Model of Psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 2017;43(6):1190–1196. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx121
  • Parellada M, Gomez-Vallejo S, Burdeus M, Arango C. Developmental Differences between Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. Schizophr Bull. 2017;43(6):1176–1189. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx126
  • Rodríguez Sacristán J (ed. . Psicopatología del niño y del adolescente. Tomo 2. 2a Edición. Rodríguez-Sacristán J, editor. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla. Secretariado de publicaciones; 1998. 1027 p. ISBN: 84-472-0277-1
  • Zwicker A, MacKenzie LE, Drobinin V, Howes Vallis E, Patterson VC, Stephens M, et al. Basic symptoms in offspring of parents with mood and psychotic disorders. BJPsych Open. 2019;5(4):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2019.40
  • Díaz-Caneja CM, Morón-Nozaleda MG, Vicente-Moreno RP, Rodríguez-Toscano E, Pina-Camacho L, de la Serna E, et al. Temperament in child and adolescent offspring of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018;27(11):1459–1471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-018-1135-y
  • Thompson E, Kline E, Reeves G, Pitts SC, Schiffman J. Identifying youth at risk for psychosis using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition. Schizophr Res . 2013;151(1–3):238–244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.09.022
  • Achenbach TM, Ruffle TM. The child behavior checklist and related forms for assessing behavioral/emotional problems and competencies. Pediatr Rev. 2000;21(8):265–271. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.21-8-265
  • Simeonova DI, Nguyen T, Walker EF. Psychosis risk screening in clinical high-risk adolescents: A longitudinal investigation using the Child Behavior Checklist. Schizophr Res . 2014 Oct ;159(1):7–13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25171857
  • Scott J, Martin G, Welham J, Bor W, Najman J, O’Callaghan M, et al. Psychopathology during childhood and adolescence predicts delusionallike experiences in adults: A 21-year birth cohort study. Am J Psychiatry. 2009;166(5):567–574. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08081182
  • Welham J, Scott J, Williams G, Najman J, Bor W, O’Callaghan M, et al. Emotional and behavioural antecedents of young adults who screen positive for non-affective psychosis: a 21-year birth cohort study. Psychol Med . 2009 Apr 8;39(4):625–634. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18606046
  • Jansen PR, Polderman TJC, Bolhuis K, van der Ende J, Jaddoe VWV, Verhulst FC, et al. Polygenic scores for schizophrenia and educational attainment are associated with behavioural problems in early childhood in the general population. J Child Psychol Psychiatry Allied Discip. 2018;59(1):39–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12759
  • Aydın E, Cansu Ülgen M, Tabo A, Devrim Balaban Ö, Ye-ilyurt S, Yumrukçal H. Executive function and genetic loading in nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Res. 2017;248:105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.027
  • Gutiérrez TS, Toscano ER, Llorente C, De E, Moreno C, Sugranyes G, et al. Neuropsychological , clinical and environmental predictors of severe mental disorders in offspring of patients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2019;(0123456789). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-019-01044-7
  • Paweł-czyk A, Łojek E, Żurner N, Gawłowska-Sawosz M, Pawełczyk T. Higher-order language dysfunctions as a possible neurolinguistic endophenotype for schizophrenia: Evidence from patients and their unaffected first degree relatives. Psychiatry Res. 2018;267:63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.07
  • Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic J, Ambrosini P, Fisher P, Bird H, et al. A Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1983 Nov 1 ;40(11):1228. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6639293
  • Baremos para CBCL 6-18(2001). Unitat d’Epidemiologia i de Diagnòstic en Psicopatologia del desenvolupament [Internet]. 2013. Available from: www.ued.uab.es
  • Bishop DVM. Development of the Children’s Communication Checklist (CCC): A method for assessing qualitative aspects of communicative impairment in children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry Allied Discip. 1998;39(6):879–891. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9758196
  • Crespo-Eguílaz N, Magallón S, Sánchez-Carpintero R, Narbona J. La adaptación al castellano de la Children’s Communication Checklist permite detectar las dificultades en el uso pragmático del lenguaje y diferenciar subtipos clínicos. Rev Neurol. 2016;62(Supl 1):S49–57. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.62S01.2015526
  • Mazza M, Di Michele V, Pollice R, Casacchia M, Roncone R. Pragmatic language and theory of mind deficits in people with schizophrenia and their relatives. Psychopathology. 2008;41(4):254–263. https://doi.org/10.1159/000128324
  • Christiani CJ, Jepsen JRM, Thorup A, Hemager N, Ellersgaard D, Spang KS, et al. Social Cognition, Language, and Social Behavior in 7-Year-Old Children at Familial High-Risk of Developing Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7—A Population-Based Cohort Study. Schizophr Bull. 2019; https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz001
  • Sullivan SA, Hollen L, Wren Y, Thompson AD, Lewis G, Zammit S. A longitudinal investigation of childhood communication ability and adolescent psychotic experiences in a community sample. Vol. 173, Schizophrenia Research. 2016. p. 54–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2016.03.005
  • Solomon M, Olsen E, Niendam T, Ragland JD, Yoon J, Minzenberg M, et al. From lumping to splitting and back again: atypical social and language development in individuals with clinical-high-risk for psychosis, first episode schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorders. Schizophr Res . 2011 Sep;131(1–3):146–151. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/
  • Done DJ, Leinonen E. Pragmatic use of language by children who develop schizophrenia in adult life. Schizophr Res. 2013;147(1):181–186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.03.005
  • Clark K, Narr KL, O’Neill J, Levitt J, Siddarth P, Phillips O, et al. White matter integrity, language, and childhood onset schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2012 Jul;138(2–3):150–156. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22405729
  • Bosco FM, Berardinelli L, Parola A. The ability of patients with schizophrenia to comprehend and produce sincere, deceitful, and ironic communicative intentions: The role of theory of mind and executive functions. Front Psychol. 2019;10(May):1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00827
  • Radanovic M, de Sousa RT, Valiengo LL, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV. Alteração formal do pensamento e prejuízo da linguagem na esquizofrenia. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2013;71(1):55–60. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2012005000015
  • Parsons L, Cordier R, Munro N, Joosten A, Speyer R. A systematic review of pragmatic language interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder. PLoS ONE. 2017; 12: 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172242
  • Wilkes-Gillan S, Munro N, Cordier R, Cantrill A, Pearce W. Pragmatic Language Outcomes of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder After Therapist- and Parent-Delivered Play-Based Interventions: Two One-Group Pretest-Posttest Studies With a Longitudinal Component. Am J Occup Ther . 2017 Jul 6;71(4):7104220030p1–10. http://ajot.aota.org/
  • Birkett P, Sigmundsson T, Sharma T, Toulopoulou T, Griffiths TD, Reveley A, et al. Executive function and genetic predisposition to schizophrenia - The Maudsley family study. Am J Med Genet Part B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2008;147(3):285–293. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30594
  • Dickson H, Cullen AE, Jones R, Reichenberg A, Roberts RE, Hodgins S, et al. Trajectories of cognitive development during adolescence among youth at-risk for schizophrenia. J Child Psychol Psychiatry Allied Discip. 2018;59(11):1215–1224. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12912
  • Ziermans T, Swaab H, Stockmann A, de Bruin E, van Rijn S. Formal thought disorder and executive functioning in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: Old leads and new avenues. J Autism Dev Disord. 2017;47(6):1756–1768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3104-6
  • de la Serna E, Sugranyes G, Sanchez-Gistau V, Rodriguez-Toscano E, Baeza I, Vila M, et al. Neuropsychological characteristics of child and adolescent offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res. 2017;183(2017):110–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2016.11.007
  • Treen Calvo D, Giménez-Donoso S, Setién-Suero E, Toll Privat A, Crespo-Facorro B, Ayesa Arriola R. Targeting recovery in first episode psychosis: The importance of neurocognition and premorbid adjustment in a 3-year longitudinal study. Schizophr Res . 2018;195(2018):320–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.032
  • Shuai L, Daley D, Wang YF, Zhang JS, Kong YT, Tan X, et al. Executive function training for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Chin Med J (Engl). 2017;130(5):549–558. https://doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.200541
  • Seidman LJ, Nordentoft M. New Targets for Prevention of Schizophrenia: Is It Time for Interventions in the Premorbid Phase? Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(4):795–800. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv050
  • Do KQ, Cuenod M, Hensch TK. Targeting Oxidative Stress and Aberrant Critical Period Plasticity in the Developmental Trajectory to Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(4):835–846. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv065
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet